Academic honesty has been a major challenge of online learning since the pandemic. No matter how hard we try with the trandiational grading system, there doesn’t seem a satisfied solution. To address the problem, it’s better to consider alternative grading systems (see Robert Talbert’s blog post “How specifications grading changed my view of academic dishonesty"). In recent years, multiple alternative grading systems, such as specifications grading, standard-based grading, mastery grading, ungrading, have been widely adapted aiming at motivating student learning …